tower lol

tower/tower-service/CHANGELOG.md

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+# Unreleased
+
+- None
+
+# 0.3.2 (June 17, 2022)
+
+## Added
+
+- **docs**: Clarify subtlety around cloning and readiness in the `Service` docs
+  ([#548])
+- **docs**: Clarify details around shared resource consumption in `poll_ready()`
+  ([#662])
+
+
+[#548]: https://github.com/tower-rs/tower/pull/548
+[#662]: https://github.com/tower-rs/tower/pull/662
+
+
+# 0.3.1 (November 29, 2019)
+
+- Improve example in `Service` docs. ([#510])
+
+[#510]: https://github.com/tower-rs/tower/pull/510
+
+# 0.3.0 (November 29, 2019)
+
+- Update to `futures 0.3`.
+- Update documentation for `std::future::Future`.
+
+# 0.3.0-alpha.2 (September 30, 2019)
+
+- Documentation fixes.
+
+# 0.3.0-alpha.1 (Aug 20, 2019)
+
+* Switch to `std::future::Future`
+
+# 0.2.0 (Dec 12, 2018)
+
+* Change `Service`'s `Request` associated type to be a generic instead.
+  * Before:
+
+    ```rust
+    impl Service for Client {
+        type Request = HttpRequest;
+        type Response = HttpResponse;
+        // ...
+    }
+    ```
+  * After:
+
+    ```rust
+    impl Service<HttpRequest> for Client {
+        type Response = HttpResponse;
+        // ...
+    }
+    ```
+* Remove `NewService`, use `tower_util::MakeService` instead.
+* Remove `Service::ready` and `Ready`, use `tower_util::ServiceExt` instead.
+
+# 0.1.0 (Aug 9, 2018)
+
+* Initial release

tower/tower-service/Cargo.toml

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+[package]
+name = "tower-service"
+# When releasing to crates.io:
+# - Update doc url
+#   - Cargo.toml
+#   - README.md
+# - Update CHANGELOG.md.
+# - Create "v0.3.x" git tag.
+version = "0.3.2"
+authors = ["Tower Maintainers <team@tower-rs.com>"]
+license = "MIT"
+readme = "README.md"
+repository = "https://github.com/tower-rs/tower"
+homepage = "https://github.com/tower-rs/tower"
+documentation = "https://docs.rs/tower-service/0.3.2"
+description = """
+Trait representing an asynchronous, request / response based, client or server.
+"""
+categories = ["asynchronous", "network-programming"]
+edition = "2018"
+
+[dependencies]
+
+[dev-dependencies]
+http = "0.2"
+tower-layer = { version = "0.3", path = "../tower-layer" }
+tokio = { version = "1", features = ["macros", "time"] }
+futures = "0.3"

tower/tower-service/LICENSE

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+Copyright (c) 2019 Tower Contributors
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any
+person obtaining a copy of this software and associated
+documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the
+Software without restriction, including without
+limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of
+the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software
+is furnished to do so, subject to the following
+conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice
+shall be included in all copies or substantial portions
+of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF
+ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED
+TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A
+PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT
+SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY
+CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
+OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR
+IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
+DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

tower/tower-service/README.md

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+# Tower Service
+
+The foundational `Service` trait that [Tower] is based on.
+
+[![Crates.io][crates-badge]][crates-url]
+[![Documentation][docs-badge]][docs-url]
+[![Documentation (master)][docs-master-badge]][docs-master-url]
+[![MIT licensed][mit-badge]][mit-url]
+[![Build Status][actions-badge]][actions-url]
+[![Discord chat][discord-badge]][discord-url]
+
+[crates-badge]: https://img.shields.io/crates/v/tower-service.svg
+[crates-url]: https://crates.io/crates/tower-service
+[docs-badge]: https://docs.rs/tower-service/badge.svg
+[docs-url]: https://docs.rs/tower-service
+[docs-master-badge]: https://img.shields.io/badge/docs-master-blue
+[docs-master-url]: https://tower-rs.github.io/tower/tower_service
+[mit-badge]: https://img.shields.io/badge/license-MIT-blue.svg
+[mit-url]: LICENSE
+[actions-badge]: https://github.com/tower-rs/tower/workflows/CI/badge.svg
+[actions-url]:https://github.com/tower-rs/tower/actions?query=workflow%3ACI
+[discord-badge]: https://img.shields.io/discord/500028886025895936?logo=discord&label=discord&logoColor=white
+[discord-url]: https://discord.gg/EeF3cQw
+
+## Overview
+
+The [`Service`] trait provides the foundation upon which [Tower] is built. It is a
+simple, but powerful trait. At its heart, `Service` is just an asynchronous
+function of request to response.
+
+```
+async fn(Request) -> Result<Response, Error>
+```
+
+Implementations of `Service` take a request, the type of which varies per
+protocol, and returns a future representing the eventual completion or failure
+of the response.
+
+Services are used to represent both clients and servers. An *instance* of
+`Service` is used through a client; a server *implements* `Service`.
+
+By using standardizing the interface, middleware can be created. Middleware
+*implement* `Service` by passing the request to another `Service`. The
+middleware may take actions such as modify the request.
+
+[`Service`]: https://docs.rs/tower-service/latest/tower_service/trait.Service.html
+[Tower]: https://crates.io/crates/tower
+## License
+
+This project is licensed under the [MIT license](LICENSE).
+
+### Contribution
+
+Unless you explicitly state otherwise, any contribution intentionally submitted
+for inclusion in Tower by you, shall be licensed as MIT, without any additional
+terms or conditions.

tower/tower-service/src/lib.rs

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+#![warn(rust_2018_idioms, unreachable_pub)]
+#![forbid(unsafe_code)]
+
+use std::future::Future;
+use std::task::{Context, Poll};
+
+pub trait Service<Request> {
+    /// Responses given by the service.
+    type Response;
+
+    /// Errors produced by the service.
+    type Error;
+
+    /// The future response value.
+    type Future: Future<Output = Result<Self::Response, Self::Error>>;
+
+    fn poll_ready(&mut self, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<Result<(), Self::Error>>;
+
+    fn call(&mut self, req: Request) -> Self::Future;
+}