cluelessh/lib/ssh-keys/src/lib.rs
2024-08-23 02:14:16 +02:00

386 lines
12 KiB
Rust

mod crypto;
use crypto::{Cipher, Kdf};
use ssh_transport::{
key::PublicKey,
parse::{self, Parser, Writer},
};
// TODO: good typed error messages so the user knows what's going on
pub use crypto::{KeyGenerationParams, KeyType};
pub struct EncryptedPrivateKeys {
pub public_keys: Vec<PublicKey>,
pub cipher: Cipher,
pub kdf: Kdf,
pub encrypted_private_keys: Vec<u8>,
}
pub struct PlaintextPrivateKey {
pub private_key: PrivateKeyType,
pub comment: String,
checkint: u32,
}
pub enum PrivateKeyType {
Ed25519 {
public_key: [u8; 32],
private_key: [u8; 32],
},
}
const MAGIC: &[u8; 15] = b"openssh-key-v1\0";
impl EncryptedPrivateKeys {
/// Parse OpenSSH private keys, either armored or not.
pub fn parse(content: &[u8]) -> parse::Result<Self> {
// https://github.com/openssh/openssh-portable/blob/a76a6b85108e3032c8175611ecc5746e7131f876/PROTOCOL.key
let pem: pem::Pem; // lifetime extension
let content = if content.starts_with(b"openssh-key-v1") {
content
} else if content.starts_with(b"-----BEGIN OPENSSH PRIVATE KEY-----") {
pem = pem::parse(content)
.map_err(|err| parse::ParseError(format!("invalid PEM format: {err}")))?;
pem.contents()
} else {
return Err(parse::ParseError("invalid SSH key".to_owned()));
};
let mut p = Parser::new(content);
let magic = p.array::<{ MAGIC.len() }>()?;
if magic != *MAGIC {
return Err(parse::ParseError(
"invalid magic, not an SSH key?".to_owned(),
));
}
let ciphername = p.utf8_string()?;
let cipher = ciphername.parse::<Cipher>()?;
let kdfname = p.utf8_string()?;
let kdfoptions = p.string()?;
let kdf = Kdf::from_str_and_options(kdfname, kdfoptions)?;
let keynum = p.u32()?;
let mut public_keys = Vec::new();
for _ in 0..keynum {
let pubkey = p.string()?;
let pubkey = PublicKey::from_wire_encoding(pubkey)?;
public_keys.push(pubkey);
}
let priv_keys = p.string()?;
Ok(EncryptedPrivateKeys {
public_keys,
cipher,
kdf,
encrypted_private_keys: priv_keys.to_owned(),
})
}
pub fn to_bytes_armored(&self) -> String {
let content = self.to_bytes();
let pem = pem::Pem::new("OPENSSH PRIVATE KEY", content);
pem::encode(&pem)
}
pub fn to_bytes(&self) -> Vec<u8> {
let mut p = Writer::new();
p.array(*MAGIC);
p.string(self.cipher.name().as_bytes());
p.string(self.kdf.name().as_bytes());
p.string(&self.kdf.options());
p.u32(self.public_keys.len() as u32);
for pubkey in &self.public_keys {
p.string(&pubkey.to_wire_encoding());
}
p.string(&self.encrypted_private_keys);
p.finish()
}
pub fn requires_passphrase(&self) -> bool {
(!matches!(self.kdf, Kdf::None)) && (!matches!(self.cipher, Cipher::None))
}
pub fn decrypt_encrypted_part(&self, passphrase: Option<&str>) -> parse::Result<Vec<u8>> {
let mut data = self.encrypted_private_keys.clone();
if self.requires_passphrase() {
let Some(passphrase) = passphrase else {
panic!("missing passphrase for encrypted key");
};
if passphrase.is_empty() {
return Err(parse::ParseError(format!("empty passphrase")));
}
let (key_size, iv_size) = self.cipher.key_iv_size();
let mut output = vec![0; key_size + iv_size];
self.kdf.derive(passphrase, &mut output)?;
let (key, iv) = output.split_at(key_size);
self.cipher.crypt_in_place(&mut data, &key, &iv);
}
Ok(data)
}
pub fn parse_private(
&self,
passphrase: Option<&str>,
) -> parse::Result<Vec<PlaintextPrivateKey>> {
let data = self.decrypt_encrypted_part(passphrase)?;
let mut p = Parser::new(&data);
let checkint1 = p.u32()?;
let checkint2 = p.u32()?;
if checkint1 != checkint2 {
return Err(parse::ParseError(format!("invalid key or password")));
}
let mut result_keys = Vec::new();
for pubkey in &self.public_keys {
let keytype = match pubkey {
PublicKey::Ed25519 { public_key } => {
// <https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-miller-ssh-agent#section-3.2.3>
let alg = p.utf8_string()?;
if alg != "ssh-ed25519" {
return Err(parse::ParseError(format!(
"algorithm mismatch. pubkey: ssh-ed25519, privkey: {alg}"
)));
}
let enc_a = p.string()?; // ENC(A)
if enc_a != public_key {
return Err(parse::ParseError(format!("public key mismatch")));
}
let k_enc_a = p.string()?; // k || ENC(A)
if k_enc_a.len() != 64 {
return Err(parse::ParseError(format!(
"invalid len for ed25519 keypair: {}, expected 64",
k_enc_a.len()
)));
}
let (k, enc_a) = k_enc_a.split_at(32);
if enc_a != public_key {
// Yes, ed25519 SSH keys seriously store the public key THREE TIMES.
return Err(parse::ParseError(format!("public key mismatch")));
}
let private_key = k.try_into().unwrap();
PrivateKeyType::Ed25519 {
public_key: *public_key,
private_key,
}
}
};
let comment = p.utf8_string()?;
result_keys.push(PlaintextPrivateKey {
private_key: keytype,
comment: comment.to_owned(),
checkint: checkint1,
});
}
// verify padding
for i in 1_u8..=255 {
if p.has_data() {
let b = p.u8()?;
if b != i {
return Err(parse::ParseError(format!(
"private key padding is incorrect: {b} != {i}"
)));
}
}
}
Ok(result_keys)
}
}
pub struct KeyEncryptionParams {
pub cipher: Cipher,
pub kdf: Kdf,
pub passphrase: Option<String>,
}
impl KeyEncryptionParams {
pub fn secure_or_none(passphrase: String) -> Self {
if passphrase.is_empty() {
Self {
cipher: Cipher::None,
kdf: Kdf::None,
passphrase: None,
}
} else {
Self {
cipher: Cipher::Aes256Ctr,
kdf: Kdf::BCrypt {
salt: rand::random(),
rounds: 24,
},
passphrase: Some(passphrase),
}
}
}
}
impl PlaintextPrivateKey {
pub fn generate(comment: String, params: KeyGenerationParams) -> Self {
let keytype = crypto::generate_private_key(params);
Self {
comment,
private_key: keytype,
checkint: rand::random(),
}
}
pub fn encrypt(&self, params: KeyEncryptionParams) -> parse::Result<EncryptedPrivateKeys> {
let public_keys = vec![self.private_key.public_key()];
let mut enc = Writer::new();
enc.u32(self.checkint);
enc.u32(self.checkint);
match self.private_key {
PrivateKeyType::Ed25519 {
public_key,
private_key,
} => {
// <https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-miller-ssh-agent#section-3.2.3>
enc.string(b"ssh-ed25519");
enc.string(&public_key);
let combined = private_key.len() + public_key.len();
enc.u32(combined as u32);
enc.raw(&private_key);
enc.raw(&public_key);
enc.string(&self.comment.as_bytes());
}
}
// uh..., i don't really now how much i need to pad so YOLO this here
// TODO: pad properly.
enc.u8(1);
enc.u8(2);
let mut encrypted_private_keys = enc.finish();
match params.cipher {
Cipher::None => {}
Cipher::Aes256Ctr => {
let (key_size, iv_size) = params.cipher.key_iv_size();
let mut output = vec![0; key_size + iv_size];
params
.kdf
.derive(&params.passphrase.unwrap(), &mut output)?;
let (key, iv) = output.split_at(key_size);
params
.cipher
.crypt_in_place(&mut encrypted_private_keys, &key, &iv);
}
}
Ok(EncryptedPrivateKeys {
public_keys,
cipher: params.cipher,
kdf: params.kdf,
encrypted_private_keys,
})
}
}
impl PrivateKeyType {
pub fn public_key(&self) -> PublicKey {
match *self {
Self::Ed25519 { public_key, .. } => PublicKey::Ed25519 { public_key },
}
}
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use crate::{Cipher, EncryptedPrivateKeys, Kdf, KeyEncryptionParams, PrivateKeyType};
// ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAIHPaiIO6MePXM/QCJWVge1k4dsiefPr4taP9VJbCtXdx uwu
// Password: 'test'
const TEST_ED25519_AES256_CTR: &[u8] = b"-----BEGIN OPENSSH PRIVATE KEY-----
b3BlbnNzaC1rZXktdjEAAAAACmFlczI1Ni1jdHIAAAAGYmNyeXB0AAAAGAAAABA5S8LoGs
SYFE1uIAlgK4I/AAAAGAAAAAEAAAAzAAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAIHPaiIO6MePXM/QC
JWVge1k4dsiefPr4taP9VJbCtXdxAAAAkB9StlI/JgwhtvDGx7v08RAa76W6aXSgbDJTU/
KNPzv0yXhCRleYltud2W2R3G6lElGKBgLfC6U944U8ZFHQQevQIHeSGPkbLGklTXrrrLl7
ZdWF8er/J/gA0H1T0QE/NYiHxY4NdBzYc4GKCBItOmIT8K/4bsMmh7VXtO0WmkmhoumnLX
rsOKyxcDiMs2J8cg==
-----END OPENSSH PRIVATE KEY-----
";
// ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAIP60Q8iOyatiPeJbpQ8JVoZazukcSwhnKrg+wzw7/JZQ uwu
// no password
const TEST_ED25519_NONE: &[u8] = b"-----BEGIN OPENSSH PRIVATE KEY-----
b3BlbnNzaC1rZXktdjEAAAAABG5vbmUAAAAEbm9uZQAAAAAAAAABAAAAMwAAAAtzc2gtZW
QyNTUxOQAAACD+tEPIjsmrYj3iW6UPCVaGWs7pHEsIZyq4PsM8O/yWUAAAAIj6bZmH+m2Z
hwAAAAtzc2gtZWQyNTUxOQAAACD+tEPIjsmrYj3iW6UPCVaGWs7pHEsIZyq4PsM8O/yWUA
AAAEAdSh0yeEtOyIa0mzMH36U77BNkiuQkERT8TVTrOOgPyP60Q8iOyatiPeJbpQ8JVoZa
zukcSwhnKrg+wzw7/JZQAAAAA3V3dQEC
-----END OPENSSH PRIVATE KEY-----
";
#[test]
fn ed25519_none() {
let keys = EncryptedPrivateKeys::parse(TEST_ED25519_NONE).unwrap();
assert_eq!(keys.public_keys.len(), 1);
assert_eq!(keys.cipher, Cipher::None);
assert_eq!(keys.kdf, Kdf::None);
let decrypted = keys.parse_private(None).unwrap();
assert_eq!(decrypted.len(), 1);
let key = decrypted.first().unwrap();
assert_eq!(key.comment, "uwu");
assert!(matches!(key.private_key, PrivateKeyType::Ed25519 { .. }));
}
#[test]
fn roundtrip_ed25519_none() {
let keys = EncryptedPrivateKeys::parse(TEST_ED25519_NONE).unwrap();
let decrypted = keys.parse_private(None).unwrap();
let encrypted = decrypted[0]
.encrypt(KeyEncryptionParams::secure_or_none("".to_owned()))
.unwrap();
let bytes = encrypted.to_bytes();
assert_eq!(pem::parse(TEST_ED25519_NONE).unwrap().contents(), bytes);
}
#[test]
fn ed25519_aes256ctr() {
let keys = EncryptedPrivateKeys::parse(TEST_ED25519_AES256_CTR).unwrap();
assert_eq!(keys.public_keys.len(), 1);
assert_eq!(keys.cipher, Cipher::Aes256Ctr);
assert!(matches!(keys.kdf, Kdf::BCrypt { .. }));
let decrypted = keys.parse_private(Some("test")).unwrap();
assert_eq!(decrypted.len(), 1);
let key = decrypted.first().unwrap();
assert_eq!(key.comment, "uwu");
assert!(matches!(key.private_key, PrivateKeyType::Ed25519 { .. }));
}
#[test]
fn roundtrip_aes256ctr() {
let keys = EncryptedPrivateKeys::parse(TEST_ED25519_NONE).unwrap();
let decrypted = keys.parse_private(None).unwrap();
let encrypted = decrypted[0]
.encrypt(KeyEncryptionParams::secure_or_none("".to_owned()))
.unwrap();
let bytes = encrypted.to_bytes();
assert_eq!(pem::parse(TEST_ED25519_NONE).unwrap().contents(), bytes);
}
}